Question 1

How do I design error handling in a Rust application?

Accepted Answer

Rust error handling uses Result and Option types with custom error enums. Use thiserror to derive Error implementations for libraries and anyhow with context for application-level error propagation, avoiding unwrap in production code.

Question 2

When should I use async Tokio versus blocking I/O in Rust?

Accepted Answer

Use async with Tokio when handling many concurrent connections such as web servers or network services. Blocking I/O is sufficient for CLIs and simple tools where sequential execution keeps the code simpler.

Question 3

What Rust crates are recommended for building a CLI?

Accepted Answer

The clap crate is the standard choice for CLI argument parsing in Rust. Combine it with serde for configuration serialization and anyhow for ergonomic error handling in the application layer.

Question 4

How do I share state between threads in Rust safely?

Accepted Answer

Use Arc with Mutex for shared mutable state across threads, or RwLock for read-heavy workloads. For message-passing concurrency, Tokio mpsc channels let workers communicate without shared memory.

Question 5

When is unsafe Rust acceptable in systems code?

Accepted Answer

Unsafe Rust is acceptable only when safe abstractions cannot express the required operation, such as FFI boundaries or custom memory layouts. Every unsafe block should be scrutinized and wrapped in a safe API.

rust-systems-design

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