risk-of-bias

Assess risk of bias in research studies using RoB 2, ROBINS-I, QUADAS-2, and QUIPS.

Updated Aug 27, 2026
One-click install
npx skills add https://github.com/astoreyai/ai_scientist --skill risk-of-bias
Or copy as Structured Prompt for Agent▼
Please help me install this Agent Skill.
Skill: risk-of-bias
Source: https://github.com/astoreyai/ai_scientist/tree/main/skills/risk-of-bias
Command: npx skills add https://github.com/astoreyai/ai_scientist --skill risk-of-bias

SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION & REQUIREMENTS

What problem does it solve?

This Skill provides a framework for systematic bias assessment across study designs.

Core Features & Use Cases

  • RoB Tools: RoB 2 for RCTs, ROBINS-I for non-randomized, QUADAS-2 for diagnostics, QUIPS for prognostics.
  • Domain Guidance: Randomization, deviations, missing data, outcome measurement, reporting.
  • Integration: Works with literature-reviewer for quality assessment.

Quick Start

Apply RoB 2 to an included RCT and categorize risks by domain.

Frequently Asked Questions about risk-of-bias

High-intent search queries and answers about installing and using this skill.

FAQPage Schema
How do I assess risk of bias in randomized controlled trials for systematic reviews?▼

Risk of bias assessment in RCTs uses RoB 2 (Cochrane), evaluating five domains: randomization process, deviations from interventions, missing outcome data, outcome measurement, and selective reporting. The tool produces standardized risk ratings—low, some concerns, or high—to inform study quality judgments and meta-analysis planning.

What's the difference between RoB 2, ROBINS-I, QUADAS-2, and QUIPS for quality assessment?▼

Each tool targets specific study designs: RoB 2 for randomized controlled trials, ROBINS-I for non-randomized studies, QUADAS-2 for diagnostic accuracy studies, and QUIPS for prognostic studies. Choosing the correct tool ensures domain assessment aligns with study design and supports valid GRADE assessments.

Can I use risk of bias assessment to evaluate diagnostic and prognostic studies?▼

Yes. Beyond RCTs, risk of bias frameworks extend to diagnostic studies via QUADAS-2 and prognostic studies via QUIPS. Both tools assess measurement quality, reporting completeness, and potential sources of bias relevant to their respective study designs.

How does risk of bias assessment integrate with systematic reviews and meta-analysis?▼

Bias assessment produces standardized quality ratings and domain-level risk judgments that feed directly into systematic review documentation, GRADE certainty-of-evidence judgments, and meta-analysis sensitivity planning. This integration supports transparent study selection and interpretation.

What domains should I evaluate when assessing bias in non-randomized intervention studies?▼

ROBINS-I evaluation for non-randomized studies covers bias in confounding, participant selection, classification of interventions, deviations from intended interventions, missing data, outcome measurement, and selective reporting. Domain-specific guidance supports standardized judgment across heterogeneous study populations.