Neuroimaging Sample Size Calculator

Estimate statistical power and sample sizes for neuroimaging studies via simulation.

34|5|Updated Feb 28, 2026
One-click install
npx skills add https://github.com/HaoxuanLiTHUAI/awesome_cognitive_and_neuroscience_skills --skill neuroimaging-sample-size-calculator
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Skill: Neuroimaging Sample Size Calculator
Source: https://github.com/HaoxuanLiTHUAI/awesome_cognitive_and_neuroscience_skills/tree/main/skills/neuroimaging-sample-size-calculator
Command: npx skills add https://github.com/HaoxuanLiTHUAI/awesome_cognitive_and_neuroscience_skills --skill neuroimaging-sample-size-calculator

SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION & REQUIREMENTS

💡 This Skill includes references (resource) components.

What problem does it solve?

Traditional power analysis fails for neuroimaging because it cannot account for multiple comparisons, spatial correlation, and multi-level inference. This Skill encodes a simulation-based workflow to estimate power and required sample sizes for fMRI, EEG, and MEG studies, helping researchers plan adequately powered studies.

Core Features & Use Cases

  • Simulation-based power estimation using pilot data, unthresholded maps, or meta-analytic maps.
  • ROI vs whole-brain analysis planning with guidance on effect-size deflation, multiple comparison corrections, and attrition buffers.
  • Worked examples and templates to adapt to your paradigm, including ROI-based shortcuts when full simulations are impractical.

Quick Start

Run a pilot map through the recommended power tools to estimate the required sample size for your neuroimaging study.

Frequently Asked Questions about Neuroimaging Sample Size Calculator

High-intent search queries and answers about installing and using this skill.

FAQPage Schema
How do I calculate sample size for an fMRI study using pilot data?▼

Simulate statistical power for fMRI studies by inputting pilot data, unthresholded maps, or meta-analytic maps. The simulation applies effect-size deflation and multiple comparison corrections to estimate the required sample size accurately.

Why does traditional power analysis fail for neuroimaging studies?▼

Traditional power analysis fails for neuroimaging because it ignores multiple comparisons, spatial correlation, and multi-level inference. Simulation-based power estimation solves this by modeling these spatial dependencies directly during the sample size calculation.

Can I use this simulation workflow for ROI-based analyses in EEG or MEG?▼

Yes, this simulation workflow supports planning ROI-based analyses for EEG or MEG. It provides specific ROI-based shortcuts and templates to adapt to your paradigm when full simulations are impractical.

What inputs do I need to estimate statistical power for whole-brain analyses?▼

To estimate statistical power for whole-brain analyses, you need pilot data, unthresholded statistical maps, or meta-analytic maps. These inputs drive the simulation to determine required sample sizes and apply multiple comparison corrections.

How do I account for multiple comparisons when planning a neuroimaging study?▼

Account for multiple comparisons when planning a neuroimaging study by using simulation-based power estimation. This approach inherently models multiple comparison corrections and spatial correlations to provide clear power reporting.